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Panjang Formation
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Panjang Fm base reconstruction

Panjang Fm

Period: 
Permian

Age Interval: 
late Permian


Province: 
Nepal Tethyan Himalaya

Type Locality and Naming

"This thin stratigraphic unit has been defined as "Panjang Formation'' in Dolpo (Waterhouse, 1977)."

Synonym: "Topmost biocalcarenites" (Garzanti, 1999), suggested as an informal term until controversies about the poorly defined Panjang Fm (or Pangjang Fm) of Waterhouse are resolved. [Note: For this Lexicon, it seemed awkward to have a lithology-only name, therefore the temporary Panjang Fm has been used for internal linking, etc.]


Lithology and Thickness

"A marker horizon consisting of orange-weathering, bedded biocalcarenites to biocalcirudites with dolomitized micritic groundmass caps the Permian succession and underlies the Tamba-Kurkur Fm of Early Triassic age (Bassoullet and Colchen, 1977)."


Lithology Pattern: 
Limestone


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

Overlies the Puchenpra Fm sandstones.

Upper contact

Overlain by the Tamba Kurkur Fm (base of Thinigaon Gr)

Regional extent

"Similar condensed pelagic carbonates with Permian to earliest Triassic fauna are reported to occur discontinuously also in the Shiar Valley (Fuchs and Paudel, 1998) and further to the east in S. Tibet (Garzanti et al., 1998b)." "Pelagic carbonate deposition characterized the whole Manang area at the end of the Permian ("topmost bio-calcarenites'') and became widespread in the whole of the Tethys Himalaya in the Lower Triassic (Tamba Kurkur Fm.). The interval straddling the Permian/Triassic boundary is commonly marked by significant hiatuses in Nepal (Bassoullet and Colchen, 1977; Nicora, 1991), as in other parts of the Himalaya."


GeoJSON

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Fossils


Age 

"In eastern Manang it is represented by 4.5 m thick condensed pelagic carbonates yielding conodonts ranging in age from the Roadian/Wordian at the base to the Permian/Triassic boundary (i.e., H. latidentatus Zone of Wignall et al., 1996) at the top (Nicora and Garzanti, 1997). In central and western Manang, the unit is represented by a single condensed and reworked horizon containing macrofossils of Permian age and conodonts which may be ascribed either to the latest Permian or to the early Griesbachian depending on the adopted biostratigraphic conventions, along with a few reworked conodonts of Middle Permian age.

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Wuchiapingian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.5

    Beginning date (Ma): 
256.89

    Ending stage: 
Changhsingian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
1.0

    Ending date (Ma):  
251.90

Depositional setting

Pelagic carbonates.


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information


Compiler:  

Extracted from Garzanti (1999, "Stratigraphy and sedimentary history of the Nepal Tethys Himalaya passive margin", Jour. Asian Earth Sci., 17: 805-827]